Sometimes when you share a link to a video, post, or photo, the link includes tracking details that reveal a shocking amount of data to the platform owner when your recipient opens the link, or even just when you share it, depending on where you share it. I came up with two different types of link trackers, and how to avoid one of those. We'll look at those, and then look at *what* they reveal, *to whom*, and *when*. # Untracked links "Untracked" links are the same for everyone. They just refer to the content itself, with no identifying details about the sender. Some examples of untracked links: - `https://youtu.be/Ps-8QspaBug` - `https://www.tiktok.com/@ad_em_up/video/7623830159128333599` - `https://www.instagram.com/p/DXP8AYND-6b/` The ID of the content (`Ps-8Q...`, `762383...`, `DXP...`) is the same for everyone, and it's harder for Google/TikTok/Meta (in this case) to track you or your recipient. This is what you want when sharing a link to a friend. # Opaque trackers "Opaque" trackers, such as `https://www.facebook.com/share/v/1AF.../` (link censored to protect the anonymity of my mom), just have one parameter that uniquely identifies the content, but it *also* identifies when and who shared the video. This is kind of a nightmare to handle because you have to identify yourself in order to unmask the link. # Transparent trackers Here's an example of a link with a "transparent tracker": `https://www.instagram.com/p/DXP8AYND-6b/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=NTc...` You can see the static post ID (`DXP8...`) as well as an ugly link tracker, `utm_source`, but more importantly `igsh=Ntc..`. Fun fact, this parameter used to be called `igshid`, which they probably shortened because it was too immature lmao. Say it a few times fast sometime though. Another example is `https://youtu.be/Ps-8QspaBug?si=dsj...` The `si` probably stands for "share ID" and is another example of a transparent link tracker. # What they reveal (in theory) Platform owners can glean a *lot* of data from people that share links from their site. 1. Who shared it 2. Who they shared it to (be it via IP address or worse, if the recipient is signed in to the platform, what user account opened it) 3. When they shared it / when it was opened 4. What kind of device they shared it from and what kind of device it was opened on 5. What platform it was shared on, if that platform does link embedding ## Link embed tracking When you share a link on Discord, Twitter, or Signal, the link is fetched in order to extract a link preview, like this:  So now YouTube knows (in theory) that the video was shared on Signal. This is because Signal sends a unique User-Agent string to every site it fetches that identifies itself as a Signal client. Signal is actually a little worse about this because it uses *your* IP address to fetch the embed, rather than some centralized proxy like it used to do. (That proxy was getting blocked.) Discord etc fetch the link using their centralized servers, but Google (in this case) still knows the link was shared on that platform. # How to avoid transparent trackers Identify the component of the URL that stays the same for everyone. This is usually the first part of the URL, like the `Ps-8QspaBug` in `https://youtu.be/Ps-8QspaBug?si=dsj...`. Then remove the rest. Or try Firefox's "copy clean link" context menu item, although this is not foolproof. # How to avoid opaque trackers This is a little harder, and not always even possible. The best way, though, is to fetch the opaque link in a web browser, and see if it redirects to a transparent link. This at least works on TikTok, but I've also had some grief trying this technique on other sites, where I would either not get a new link, or it would try to get me to sign in constantly.